Visual Flight Rules (VFR) are non-instrument and non-precision approach runways as defined by ICAO and FAA.
Visual flight rules (VFR) are a set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to visually see where the aircraft is going.
Visual Flight Rules lighting systems consist of Low or Medium Intensity Runway and Approach Lighting systems that are used to guide pilots visually for a safe approach and landing. They are commonly found at public and private airfields or runways without an instrument approach.
There are different rules and regulations for ICAO and FAA VFR runways, but the common fixtures include:
Non-Precision Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) are instrument runways as defined by FAA and ICAO.
Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) are a set of regulations that dictate how aircraft are to be operated when the pilot is unable to navigate using outside visual reference. IFR flight is dependent upon flying by reference to instruments in the flight deck, and navigation is accomplished by reference to electronic signals.
Non-Precision Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) lighting systems consist of Medium Intensity Runway and Approach Lighting systems intended for visual landing operations following an instrument approach operation at a height determined by the specific instrument approach procedure.
There are different rules and regulations for ICAO and FAA Non-Precision IFR runways, but the common fixtures include:
Precision Instrument Flight Rules Category One (CAT I) are precision approach runways as defined by FAA and ICAO.
Precision Instrument Flight Rules (CAT I) is an operation of precision instrument approach and landing based on the Decision Height (DH) and the Runway Visual Range (RVR). CAT I relies only on altimeter indications for decision.
By definition, precision instrument approach operations must have non-visual, vertical guidance information (glide slope or WAAS) displayed to the pilot; without vertical guidance information displayed in the cockpit, the operation is considered non-precision.
There are different rules and regulations for ICAO and FAA CAT I Precision Instrument runways, but the common fixtures include: